I. Isingeniso
Amanzi Angakhanyisa Amakhandlela, Ingabe Kuyiqiniso? Kuyiqiniso!
Kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi izinyoka ziyamesaba u-realgar? Kungamanga!
Esizoxoxa ngakho namuhla yilokhu:
Ukuphazamisa kungathuthukisa ukunemba kokulinganisa, ingabe kuyiqiniso?
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ukuphazamiseka kuyisitha semvelo sokulinganisa. Ukuphazamiseka kuzonciphisa ukunemba kokulinganisa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulinganisa ngeke kwenziwe ngokujwayelekile. Kusukela kulo mbono, ukuphazamiseka kungathuthukisa ukunemba kokulinganisa, okungamanga!
Nokho, ingabe lokhu kuhlale kunjalo? Ingabe kukhona isimo lapho ukuphazamiseka kunganciphisi ukunemba kokulinganisa, kodwa kunalokho kuyakuthuthukisa?
Impendulo inguyebo!
2. Isivumelwano Sokuphazamisa
Uma sihlanganisa nesimo sangempela, senza isivumelwano esilandelayo mayelana nokuphazamiseka:
- Ukuphazamiseka akuqukethe izingxenye ze-DC. Ekulinganisweni kwangempela, ukuphazamiseka ikakhulukazi ukuphazamiseka kwe-AC, futhi lokhu kucatshangelwa kunengqondo.
- Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-voltage ye-DC elinganisiwe, ubukhulu bokuphazamiseka buncane kakhulu. Lokhu kuhambisana nesimo sangempela.
- Ukuphazamiseka kuyisignali ephindaphindwayo, noma inani elimaphakathi lingu-zero ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Leli phuzu alilona iqiniso ngempela ekulinganisweni kwangempela. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukuphazamiseka ngokuvamile kuyisignali ye-AC evame kakhulu, ekuphazamisekeni okuningi, ukuhlanganiswa kwesilinganiso esingu-zero kunengqondo isikhathi eside.
3. Ukunemba kokulinganisa ngaphansi kokuphazamiseka
Iningi lamathuluzi okulinganisa kagesi namamitha manje asebenzisa ama-AD converter, futhi ukunemba kwawo kokulinganisa kuhlobene eduze nesinqumo se-AD converter. Ngokuvamile, ama-AD converter anesinqumo esiphezulu anokunemba okuphezulu kokulinganisa.
Kodwa-ke, isinqumo se-AD sihlala sinqunyelwe. Uma sicabanga ukuthi isinqumo se-AD singama-bits angu-3 kanti i-voltage yokulinganisa ephezulu kakhulu ingu-8V, i-AD converter ilingana nesikali esihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezingu-8, isigaba ngasinye siyi-1V. siyi-1V. Umphumela wokulinganisa walesi AD uhlala uyinombolo ephelele, kanti ingxenye yedesimali ihlala ithwalwa noma ilahlwa, okucatshangwa ukuthi ithwalwa kuleli phepha. Ukuthwala noma ukulahla kuzobangela amaphutha okulinganisa. Isibonelo, i-6.3V inkulu kune-6V futhi ingaphansi kwe-7V. Umphumela wokulinganisa we-AD ungu-7V, futhi kukhona iphutha elingu-0.7V. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi iphutha le-AD quantization error.
Ukuze kube lula ukuhlaziya, sicabanga ukuthi isikali (i-AD converter) asinawo amanye amaphutha okulinganisa ngaphandle kwephutha le-AD quantization.
Manje, sisebenzisa izikali ezimbili ezifanayo ukukala ama-voltage amabili e-DC aboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka (isimo esifanele) kanye nokuphazamiseka.
Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1, i-voltage yangempela ye-DC elinganisiwe ingu-6.3V, kanti i-voltage ye-DC esithombeni sesobunxele ayinakho ukuphazamiseka, futhi iyinani elingaguquki ngenani. Isithombe esingakwesokudla sibonisa ugesi oqondile ophazanyiswa ugesi oshintshanayo, futhi kukhona ukuguquguquka okuthile enanini. I-voltage ye-DC kumdwebo wesokudla ilingana ne-voltage ye-DC kumdwebo wesobunxele ngemva kokususa isignali yokuphazamiseka. Isikwele esibomvu esithombeni simelela umphumela wokuguqulwa kwesiguquli se-AD.
I-voltage ye-DC efanele ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka
Faka i-voltage ye-DC ephazamisayo enenani elimaphakathi lika-zero
Yenza izilinganiso eziyi-10 zomsinga oqondile ezimweni ezimbili esithombeni esingenhla, bese ulinganisa izilinganiso eziyi-10.
Isikali sokuqala ngakwesobunxele silinganiswa izikhathi eziyi-10, kanti ukufundwa kuyafana isikhathi ngasinye. Ngenxa yethonya lephutha le-AD quantization, ukufundwa ngakunye kungu-7V. Ngemva kokulinganiswa okungu-10, umphumela usengu-7V. Iphutha le-AD quantization lingu-0.7V, kanti iphutha lokulinganisa lingu-0.7V.
Isikali sesibili ngakwesokudla sishintshe kakhulu:
Ngenxa yomehluko phakathi kokuhle nokubi kwe-voltage yokuphazamiseka kanye ne-amplitude, iphutha le-AD quantization lihlukile ezindaweni ezahlukene zokulinganisa. Ngaphansi koshintsho lwephutha le-AD quantization, umphumela wokulinganisa we-AD ushintsha phakathi kuka-6V no-7V. Izilinganiso eziyisikhombisa zaziyi-7V, ezintathu kuphela zaziyi-6V, kanti isilinganiso sezilinganiso eziyi-10 sasiyi-6.3V! Iphutha lingu-0V!
Eqinisweni, akukho phutha elingenakwenzeka, ngoba ezweni elinombono oqondile, alikho i-6.3V eqinile! Kodwa-ke, kukhona ngempela:
Uma kungekho ukuphazamiseka, njengoba umphumela ngamunye wokulinganisa ufana, ngemva kokulinganisa okulinganiselwe okungu-10, iphutha alishintshi!
Uma kukhona inani elifanele lokuphazamiseka, ngemva kokulinganiswa okungu-10, iphutha le-AD quantization liyancishiswa ngokulandelana kobukhulu! Isixazululo sithuthukiswa ngokulandelana kobukhulu! Ukunemba kokulinganisa nakho kuthuthukiswa ngokulandelana kobukhulu!
Imibuzo ebalulekile yile:
Ingabe kuyafana uma i-voltage elinganisiwe ingezinye izindinganiso?
Abafundi bangase bafise ukulandela isivumelwano sokuphazamiseka esigabeni sesibili, baveze ukuphazamiseka ngochungechunge lwamanani ezinombolo, babeke ukuphazamiseka ku-voltage elinganisiwe, bese bebala imiphumela yokulinganisa yephuzu ngalinye ngokwesimiso sokuthwala se-AD converter, bese bebala inani elimaphakathi lokuqinisekisa, inqobo nje uma i-amplitude yokuphazamiseka ingabangela ukufundwa ngemva kokulinganisa kwe-AD, futhi imvamisa yokusampula iphakeme ngokwanele (izinguquko ze-amplitude yokuphazamiseka zinenqubo yokuguquka, kunokuba zibe amanani amabili amahle nangalungile), futhi ukunemba kumele kuthuthukiswe!
Kungafakazelwa ukuthi uma nje i-voltage elinganisiwe ingeyona inombolo ephelele (ayikho ezweni eliqondile), kuzoba nephutha le-AD quantization, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphutha le-AD quantization likhulu kangakanani, uma nje ubukhulu bokuphazamiseka bukhulu kunephutha le-AD quantization noma bukhulu kunesinqumo esincane se-AD, kuzokwenza ukuthi umphumela wokulinganisa ushintshe phakathi kwamanani amabili aseduze. Njengoba ukuphazamiseka kufana kahle futhi kungalungile, ubukhulu kanye namathuba okwehla nokwenyuka kuyalingana. Ngakho-ke, uma inani langempela liseduze nenani, amathuba okuthi yiliphi inani elizovela likhulu, futhi lizoba seduze nenani elingakanani ngemva kokulinganisa.
Okusho ukuthi: inani elimaphakathi lokulinganisa okuningi (inani elimaphakathi lokuphazamiseka lingu-zero) kumele lisondele kakhulu kumphumela wokulinganisa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa isignali yokuphazamiseka kwe-AC enenani elimaphakathi elingu-zero kanye nokulinganisa izilinganiso eziningi kunganciphisa amaphutha afanayo e-AD Quantize, kuthuthukiswe ukulungiswa kokulinganisa kwe-AD, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokulinganisa!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-13-2023
